Correct Option: C
explanation: An ecosystem consists of all the biotic and abiotic factors that influence that community.
Examples of abiotic factors are water, air, soil, sunlight, and minerals. Biotic factors are living or once-living organisms in the ecosystem. These are obtained from the biosphere and are capable of reproduction. Examples of biotic factors are animals, birds, plants, fungi, and other similar organisms.
2. Which of the following instruments is NOT used in measuring abiotic factors in any habitat?
A
microscope
A. windvane
B. thermometer
C. hygrometer
correct option: A
explanation:
Common abiotic factors include atmosphere, sunlight/temperature, wind and water, all other options are instruments used to measure these apart from a microscope which can be used to observe small objects, even cells.
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3. The smallest living organisms which share the characteristics of both living and non-living matter are
A
bacteria
B
fungi
C
viruses
D
protozoa
correct option: C
explanation: A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism. Viruses infect all types of life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea.
4. The process by which a red blood cell placed in distilled water absorbs water until it burst and realease it's content into the surrounding is known as
A
osmosis
B
plasmolysis
C
turgidity
D
hemolysis
correct option: D
explanation:
Hemolysis is the destruction of red blood cells which leads to the release of haemoglobin from within the red blood cells into the blood plasma.
The body normally destroys old or faulty red blood cells in the spleen or other parts of your body through a process called hemolysis.
Also read: Jamb past questions and answers | JAMB 1990 biology Questions and answers
5. Which of the following waste products in plants is excreted through the stomata and lenticles?
A
carbon dioxide
B
alkaloids
C
tannins
D
anthoocyanins
correct option: A
explanation: The waste products of a plant are water vapour, carbon dioxide and oxygen.
6.
The vertebra illustrated is
A
lumber
B
thoracic
C
caudal
D
cervical
correct option: B
explanation: The thoracic spine is the second segment of the vertebral column, located between the cervical and lumbar vertebral segments. It consists of twelve vertebrae, which are separated by intervertebral discs. Along with the sternum and ribs, the thoracic spine forms part of the thoracic cage.
7.
The neural arch is labelled
A
i
B
ii
C
iii
D
iv
correct option: B
explanation:
8. The excretory structure in the earthworm is the
A
malphighian tubule
B
flame cell
C
nephridium
D
kidney
correct option: C
explanation: Nephridia dispose metabolic wastes from an animal's body. There are two categories of Nephridia, namely metanephridia and protonephridia.
9. In which of the following vertebrates does the skin function as a respiratory surface
A
rat
B
lizard
C
fish
D
frog
correct option: D
explanation: At the early stages of their life, amphibians utilize gills for breathing. As they mature, they develop primitive lungs; additionally, they are able to breathe through their skin.
Also read: Jamb past question | Chemistry 1983 JAMB Questions
10. The process of walking is under the control of the part of the brain called
A
optic lobe
B
olfactory lobe
C
cerebellum
D
medulla oblongata
correct option: C
explanation: The cerebellum is a part of the brain that plays a vital role in virtually all physical movement. This part of the brain helps a person drive, throw a ball, or walk across the room. The cerebellum also assists people with eye movement and vision.
11. The hormone which regulates the amount of glucose in the blood us called?
A
Adrenalin
B
Auxin
C
Insulin
D
Thyroxine
correct option: C
explanation: Insulin is a hormone that lowers the level of glucose (a type of sugar) in the blood. It's made by the beta cells of the pancreas and released into the blood when the glucose level goes up, such as after eating. Insulin helps glucose enter the body's cells, where it can be used for energy or stored for future
12. Use the table below to answer the question.
High relative humidity will be expected in Zones
A
ii and iv
B
ii and iii
C
i and iii
D
i and iv
correct option: B
explanation:
13. Paternity disputes can most accurately be resolved through the use of
A
blood group typing
B
finger printing
C
tongue rolling
D
DNA Analysis
correct option: D
explanation: Paternal testing is a DNA blood test to confirm the biological relationship between a presupposed father and a child/children.
14. The noticeable adaptation of the animal to it's aquatic habitat is the possession of
A
webbed digits
B
four limb
C
wide mouth
D
large eyes
correct option: A
explanation:
15. When bacteria swim from cold to warm regions, this is known as
A
positive phototaxis
B
negative phototaxis
C
positive thermotaxis
D
negative chemotaxis
correct option:
explanation: The movement of organisms in relation to heat: movement toward a higher temperature is positive thermotaxis and that toward a lower temperature negative thermotaxis.
16. The only caste in the termite colony whose members can feed themselves are the
A
workers
B
reproductives
C
soldiers
D
nymphs
correct option: A
explanation:
17. Which of the following os the best explanation for a child who is phenotypically short and born of two tall parents
A
both parent possess genes for shortness
B
the father possess a gene for shortness
C
nature makes the child short
D
None of the above
correct option: A
explanation:
18. Use the diagram to answer the question.
The structure labelled i is
A
photosensitive
B
radiosensitive
C
chemoreceptive
D
tactile
correct option: D
explanation: Tactile is pertaining to or used for sense of touch or feeling, as in tactile organ
19. Use the diagram to answer the question.
The type of protective adaption exhibited by the animal is
A
disruptive colouration
B
flash colouration
C
countershading colouration
D
warning colouration
correct option: C
explanation: Countershading is a form of concealing colouration in which the upper surfaces of the body are more darkly pigmented than the unilluminated lower areas, giving the body a more uniform darkness and a lack of depth relief.
In disruptive coloration, the identity and location of an animal may be concealed through a coloration pattern that causes visual disruption because the pattern does not coincide with the shape and outline of the animal's body.
20. Which of the following vertebrates has the most simple structured heart
A
reptile
B
fish
C
mammal
D
Amphibian
correct option: B
explanation:
21. A group pf organism of different species living in a particular area is described as a
A
colony
B
community
C
population
D
niche
correct option: B
explanation: Community, also called biological community, in biology, an interacting group of various species in a common location
22. The ability of the eyes to focus on both near and distance objects is termed
A
image formation
B
refraction
C
hypermetropia
D
accommodation
correct option: D
explanation: Accommodation is the process by which the vertebrate eye changes optical power to maintain a clear image or focus on an object as its distance varies. Wikipedia
When our eyes see distant objects then the ciliary muscles relax and the focal length is maximum in this position.
23. Floating microscopic heterotrophs are mostly grouped as
A
phytoplankton
B
zooplankton
C
microbes
D
nekton
correct option: A
explanation: Phytoplanktons are microscopic marine organisms at the bottom of the food chain. Most phytoplanktons are buoyant and float in the upper part of the ocean.
Phytoplanktons are the autotrophic components of the plankton community and a key part of ocean and freshwater ecosystems.
24. The biological association that contributes directly to succession in a community is
A
competition
B
predation
C
parasitism
D
commensalism
correct option: A
explanation: Competition is an interaction between organisms or species in which both the organisms or species are harmed.
25. The probability of a baby being a boy or a girl depends on the contribution of the
A
father's sex cells
B
father's stomatic chromosome
C
mother's sex cell
D
mother's X-chromosome
correct option: A
explanation: A man with many brothers is more likely to have sons, while a man with many sisters is more likely to have daughters.
26. For growth to occur in organisms, the rate of
A
anabolism must exceed that of catabolism
B
catabolism must exceed that of anabolism
C
food storage must be low
D
food storage must be high
correct option: A
explanation: Anabolism is the set of metabolic pathways that construct molecules from smaller units. These reactions require energy, known also as an endergonic process. Anabolism is the building-up aspect of metabolism, whereas catabolism is the breaking-down aspect.
27. Vaccination is carried out in order to
A
check the production of poison
B
increase the activities of white blood cells
C
increase the number of red blood cells
D
stimulate the production of anti-bodies
correct option: D
explanation:
28. Use the diagram to answer the question.
The process of water loss and intake indicated by the arrows labelled i and ii are respectively
A
evaporation and osmosis
B
exhalation and osmosis
C
osmosis and diffusion
D
urination and diffusion
correct option: B
explanation:
29. Both recesssive and dominant characters are found
A
on different chromosome in the cell
B
at the same logus of a homologous chromosome
C
at a different loci of a homologous chromosome
D
on the same chromatid in a chromosome
correct option: B
explanation:
30. In a population of living things, the parameters of size, height, weight and colours are examoles of
A
continuous variation
B
non-heritable variation
C
discontinuous variation
D
physiological variation
correct option: A
explanation: Continuous variation is the combined effect of many genes (known as polygenic inheritance) and is often significantly affected by environmental influences.
31. Deamination occurs in the?
A
Kidney
B
Pancreas
C
Spleen
D
Liver
correct option: D
explanation: Deamination is the removal of an amino group from a molecule. Enzymes that catalyse this reaction are called deaminases. ... In situations of excess protein intake, deamination is used to break down amino acids for energy. The amino group is removed from the amino acid and converted to ammonia.
32. In an agricultural ecosystem, the biotic component consist of
A
crops, pests and beneficial insects
B
crops, temperature and humidity
C
pests, beneficial insects and water
D
crops, water and soil
correct option: A
explanation: Biotic components, or biotic factors, can be described as any living component that affects another organism or shapes the ecosystem. This includes both animals that consume other organisms within their ecosystem, and the organism that is being consumed.
33. The hypha of rhizopus is said to be non-septate because it
A
does not contain chloropyll
B
has no cross wall
C
is vacuoled
D
stores oil globus
correct option: B
explanation: Hyphae can form a tangled network called a mycelium and form the thallus (body) of fleshy fungi. Hyphae that have walls between the cells are called septate hyphae; hyphae that lack walls and cell membranes between the cells are called nonseptate or coenocytic hyphae)
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34. Epiphytes growing on the branches of trees provide an example of the relationship known as?
A
parasitism
B
commensalism
C
saprophytism
D
holophytism
correct option: B
explanation: Commensalism is a long-term biological interaction in which members of one species gain benefits while those of the other species neither benefit nor are harmed.
35. In which of the following does external fertilization take place?
A
toad
B
lizard
C
bird
D
cockroach
correct option: A
explanation: External fertilization is a mode of reproduction in which a male organism's sperm fertilizes a female organism's egg outside of the female's body. It is contrasted with internal fertilization, in which sperm are introduced via insemination and then combine with an egg inside the body of a female organism.
Also read: Jamb past question | Chemistry 1983 JAMB Questions
36. The function of ribosome in cells is
A
protein synthesis
B
starch synthesis
C
transport of material
D
lipid storage
correct option: A
explanation: The ribosome, a cell organelle, functions as a micro-machine for making proteins.
37. The butterfly is of great economic importance because
A
of it's use in scientific studies
B
it sucks nectar from flowers
C
it adds to the beauty of the environment
D
it pollinates flowers of crops and other plants
correct option: D
explanation: Butterflies play important roles as pollinators to most agricultural crops.
38. The villus in the small intestine is significant because
A
Increases the surface area for absorption
B
increases the surface area for digestion
C
assists in mixing digested food
D
assists in filtering undigested food
correct option: A
explanation: Villus, plural villi, in anatomy any of the small, slender, vascular projections that increase the surface area of a membrane. The villi of the small intestine project into the intestinal cavity, greatly increasing the surface area for food absorption and adding digestive secretions.
Also read: Jamb past questions and answers | JAMB 1990 biology Questions and answers
39. The bright colours of the comb and feathers in the peacock are for?
A
sex differentiation
B
beauty
C
courtship
D
defence
correct option: C
explanation: The male peacocks display their beautiful fanned trains as part of their courtship behaviour.
40. The hypha of rhizopus is said to be non-septate because it
A. does not contain chloropyll
B. has no cross wall
C. is vacuoled
D. stores oil globus
correct option: B
explanation: Hyphae that have walls between the cells are called septate hyphae; hyphae that lack walls and cell membranes between the cells are called nonseptate or coenocytic hyphae)
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