The majority of the chemical energy required to drive a cell's metabolic operations is produced by mitochondria, which are membrane-bound cell organelles (mitochondrion, singular).
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Adenosine triphosphate (ATP), a tiny molecule, serves as a storage container for the chemical energy generated by the mitochondria (ATP).
Small chromosomes found in mitochondria are found there. In most cases, mitochondria and consequently mitochondrial DNA are exclusively passed down from the mother.
Organelles that are membrane-bound include mitochondria. However, they are membrane-bound with two distinct membranes. And for an intercellular organelle, that's extremely remarkable.
Those membranes provide the fundamental function of the mitochondria, which is to produce energy.
Chemicals within the cell must be transformed, or they must go via routes, in order to produce that energy. Because the phosphate is a high-energy compound, the conversion process generates energy in the form of an ATP bond and supplies power for other cell-based reactions.
Consequently, the mitochondria's function is to generate that energy. Because certain cells require more energy than others, they differ in the number of mitochondria they contain.
So, for instance, the brain, which relies on the energy that these mitochondria create to function, has a small number of mitochondria, as does the liver, kidney, and muscle. Therefore, you will have symptoms in the muscles, the brain, and even the kidneys if there is a problem in the routes that the mitochondria normally use to function.
Furthermore, we are probably unaware of all the various diseases that mitochondrial malfunction might induce.
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Cell components and their functions
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